From almost the beginning, the plan was a failure. The planes sent from Nicaragua to destroy the Cuban air force were largely unsuccessful. When the invasion forces landed, they found themselves under unexpected assault from above, unsupported by American aircraft. After a short battle with the Cuban army, most of them surrendered. The Cuban people didn’t rise up against Castro. It was clear that a far larger force would have been needed to mount a successful invasion; instead, with just a small militia, the operation resulted in an international embarrassment for the United States.
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